Hypercapnia and Bipolar Illness

Volume % in air [what about PCO2?].. are these additive?
Main symptoms of Carbon dioxide toxicity Central – Drowsiness -1% – Mild narcosis  -3% – Dizziness  -5% – Confusion -5%   – Headache  -5% – Unconsciousness  -8% Muscular – Tremor  -8% Skin – Sweating  -8% Visual – Dimmed  -8% sight  Auditory – Reduced  -3% hearing  Heart – Increased  heart rate  -3% and blood  -3% pressure Respiratory -5% – Shortness  of breath  Volume %  in air  – 1% – 3% – 5% – 8%

Kraepelin found defective breathing rates in thousands of his manic depressive patients. https://archive.org/details/manicdepressivei00kraeuoft, 1921Topics Psychiatry — Early works to 1900, Manic-depressive illness, ParanoiaPublisher Edinburgh : LivingstoneCollection gerstein; toronto; medicalheritagelibrary; university_of_torontoDigitizing sponsor MSNContributor Gerstein – University of TorontoLanguage English

We think that these patients could not exchange enough air to control PCO2.

to be continued…..